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June 26. 1923. 1,460,032

7 C. R MOORE VIBRATION DETECTOR Filed June 24 1919 2.9 Fig. z

/n venfoz s Char/es R. Mo o/r e Patented done 25, 15523.

CHARLES MOORE, F 'WYOMZHG, NEVI JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 WESTERN ELECTRIC GQMPJLIIY, INCQRIOBATED, OF NEW YORK, N. it), COIEFGHA'I'EZON if)? NEW YflEliL VIBRATION IJETECTOR.

Application filed June 2%,

T 0 all, 1071077152 may concern:

Beit known that I. CHARLES H. Moons, a residing at s ex. State of citizen 0i tiie l mited States,

\Vyomingz, in the rounty of E. 5 New Jersey, have im'cuseful Improvements in Vibration clear, concise. and exact description,

This invention relates to vibration detectors nnd more partioidarly to a detector of this (:liararter whit-h while it may he' used for avariety of purposes. is rspecially designed for the detection of vibrations hroinlfiated through the'ivatrr such as a produrad liy marine and sulnnarino vessels.

' )lo that novices of this rharary when eniploY-rd in tho detee: tion of the present-c oi sirlnimrine vessels, respond with accuracy to very feohle ihratory etiects without becoming unduly resonant in response to any yiln'a'tionr's Within {It is do fer, especial the useful range of frequencies.

('omo romparatirely large in some immersion SHI'QS.

' the drtertor to yilirations pt all usrful l'roquvncies or the i ife 'tirvnes oi the Sealing;

In order to attain this ohjuri. in arrordunre with onr loaluro oi the iurnntion. a

(-uwont-varying durimof tlninertia tx'po is supported from a soll-sustainiiig izomuosom soft, energy absorbing inatvrial. surh diaphragm lining stretrhrd so that the lastir limit oi? More speriticallr. the (flurrent-varying moans. \vliirh ite diaphragm rompwed ol' a fabric ll9(l(l\(l in and intv g'rally unitod with the faln'ir is rlosely approarhod.

may he an ordinary mirrophouo hutton. is diapinmyn roumosrd ul' ranin and supported l) 7t )3 "as or siinilur lain-n: embedded ted certain new and Dei teetors of WlUCil the 'rollowirw is a full it is the ohjoct of the present invention to provide an improved derive ol' this rharactor capalilo of lining immersed to a romparatively great drpth in iliv water without mutrrially impairiu; the normal sr-iusitivity oi.

'\\':li(l under gr ut pressures.

1119. Serial No 3176,4495.

united with soft rubber or similar material having tho property of inherent dan'ipin adjustable means lining provided for radially siren-hing such diaphragm when placed in position in the. L tor until the elastic limit oi the falirn: is tipproximatcd. Although the natural "frequency of the composite (lia phra m when thus stretclnid is within the useful Flange of frequencies, the; high internal friction thereof eil'ertually (lamps the mrwement thernof and Plmjth (-ally eliminates o in accordance with another feat-are of the invmition. means is provided for imparting a piston-like movement to the central portion t' tho diapl'iragm. fl'lioro spet' ificnllv an inflexible plate member intrcdnred into the (rotor of the diaphragm 'tiotwoen the canvas or oti or fahrie and tho ruhhor for supporting the microphone button is so proportioned and designed that the movement of an appreciable portion of the diaphragm in responseto the rereived vibrations approximates that of a reciprocating piston instead of the movementof an ordinary flexihle diaphragm. This method of support also insures that the button vihrates in the direction of its axis independently of the position oi the detector.

ln areordanco with an additional feature of thrinventiou, moans is proridei'l for maintaining tho oil'ertive initial radial tension of the diaphragm fabric independently of inrrnased pressures exerted :zgainst the diaphragm. To :it-roinplish this result. the 'ruldwr or other material, although omitted from ihr central portion oi the interior surl'zu-n ol' the diaphragm. is provided between the diaphmtnu and a strietrhing nwmber lie-firing against the interior suriao ol the diaphragm. i ho riastic maierial intro-- din-0d at this point serves to rrmipensato for Varying rxternal pressures exerted on tho diaphragm when the dPVirP is sulunorgnd, so that a minimum variation in the tension oi the laoriiis (':i'd; ('(l thereby.

In arrordanro n ith another featuro of the inH-ntion. metallic rings embedded Within the diaphragm cooperate with themetallic casing in the assembly of the device to (.0H1 pletely imprison the energy alosorhin; matvrial (-omposing the periphery of the diaphragm. therehy preventing! the entrance of In connection krill] tlis loature, the rubber or other matesoft rubber or similar material rial is so constricted at various intermediate points around the periphery that its move ment past these points is prevented so that a wider-seal under very high initial pres-- sures may be produced and maintained.

n accordance with another feature of the invention, means is provided folsealing the leading-in. conductors within the entranceway provided therefor in the casing, the el fectiveness of such means being unimpaired by the external pressures encountered in the use of the device or by strains which may be introduced IvIore-specifically, a tube of comparatively closely surrounding the conductors is imprisoned between the surrounding casing-wall by means of opposing adjustable metallic members, an intermediate angular recess be lug} provided in the casingwall for the re ception of the rubber when the bushings are intheir final positions, thereby placing the conductors at such point under an increased pressure.

The above mentioned and other features of the lnvention, not specifically mentioned, will clearly appear from the following speciticaiion and the annexed drawing, in which Fig. 1 showsa sectional view of a device embodying the invention; Fig. 2 shows a view partially in section of the associated diaphragm; and Fig. 3 shows a perspective also partially in section of the plate-member embedded in the diaphragm for supportinp the current-varying device.-

In the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, a complete detector is shown which may be immersed to comparatively great depths in water and which may be used for the detection of the submarine or other marine vessels located at a distant point and producing; characteristic vibrations.

A. composite diaphragm l is clamped in position over an opening in the casing 2, by the threaded cooperation ol an annular face member 3 and an annular adjustable member 4. An annular stretching member 5 surrounding the opening in the casing; presents a rounded bearinp surface for the interior surface of the diaphragm and cooperates with the rounded portion (3 of the face member 3 to stretch the diaphragm 1. when the face member is drawn toward the rear of the device by a proper rotation of member 4 through the medium of a spanner wrench inserted in the opcuings T--T or in any suitable manner. The annular mcmbcr 5, i l ooperation with the rubber cushion on the inside of the composite diaphragm l, operates as compensator to keep the tousion of the composite diaphragm subst.-mtially constant (luring variations in hydrostatic pressure.

A metallic 'pluic u'icmlicr t4 cmbwbh-d u 51b in the diapi emu serves to suitably in the conductors themselves;

bushing conductors port the current-varying device 9, which may be of any Well'known inertia type, in which a cylindrical chamber encloses an electrode secured to the member 8 and another electrode mounted in the chamber bye-means of a flexible diaphragm, a mass of granular carbon or other resistance varying material. being introduced between the opposing faces of the electrodes. One end of a substantially U-shaped member 10 attached to and electrically connected with the front elec trode of the current-varyinu device serves to provide a terminal to which the conductor 11 may be soldered or otherwise suitably electrically connected. The other end of member 10 serves to support an insulating bushing 12 passes for electrical connection with the rear electrode. The conductors 11 and 13 are also electrically connected with the leading-in. 15 and 16 respectively, through the medium of suitable connectors 14-l4:, mounted by means of screws, or in any other suitable manner, upon an insulating base 17 secured to the casinp by means of screws 18-18. his arrangement of wiring serves to render the (:urrentvarying device unaffected by incidental strains to which the leadingin conductors may be subjected. The cable containing the leading-in conductors passes through an exterior metallic bushing 21 in threaded engagement with the casing: 2, an intermediate bushing 20 of soft ruhber or other similar material,

posing bushings 19 and 21 nally compress the rubber bushing 20 between the facing members 22 and 23 and cause the material thereof to enter the annular recess 24. in the surrounding wall of the casing. Due to the high state of compression existing throughout the member :20 when the bushings l9 and 21. occupy their final positions. the material included in the annular recess 24 serves to materially increase the pressure exerted upon the entering cable at an intermediate point, such portion being, in effect, a highly stretched rubber ring bearing upon the bushing at the intermediate point. Movement of the cable is resisted thereby and any movement of such cable which may occur the effectiveness of the seal.

The composite selt'sustuining diaphragm formed by molding. or in some other suitable manner. comprises two layers 25 25 of canvas r other suitable material the pcriphcry oi each layer being wrapped around a. ring 26. The two layers assembled on their respective rings are then placed in l';u- ,--to--flicc engagement. the stud 27 of the plate uu-iubcz' w inserted through a central sii-rlomtiou provided in each layer, and the mice of the op will longitudilac 2G varying pressures, a casing.

and means -or increasing th e thickness of,

the wall of be bushing member at an inter mediate point thereof in response to theapplication thereto of longitudinal pressures thereby rendering the aperture waterproof and resist the movement of the conductor. In an e ectrical device for under-water an electrical conductor, a casing having aperture in the wall thereof for the enof the conductor, a soft bushing memling the conductor Within such Y c, means for applying longitudinal as to bushing member for renderaperture waterproof, and means to e thereto for abnormally increasing Adlai forces exerted by the bushing :r at an intermediate point thereof to vement of the conductor. in a vibration detector for use under a sound-responsive bony d casing under tension approaching its elastic limit, and means to prevent the increase of-such tension to the elastic limit of the material in response to an increase in pressure.

7. In an electrical device for use under humid conditions, a casing having an aperture therein, a soft rubber member for closyomed by reduced 8. In a vibration detector, a tensioned flexible sound-responsive bod means comprising a curved surface stiffening member for rendering the central portion of the diaphragm substantially inflexible to insure the substantially uniform coincident movement of all parts of such portion in response to received vibrations, and to overcome the reduction in amplitude of vibration of the diaphragm, and a current-varying device supported by the inflexible portion.

In a vibration detector a composite flexible diaphragm including a peripherally supported fabric clement tensioned to closely approach its elastic limit and a softrubber facing integrally united therewith, an, in-

flexible men'iber ofreduced peripheral thickness centrally supported by and integrally united with the diaphragm to cause the substantially unilorm coincident movement of .,-.l parts of the associated portion 0F the diaphragm Without affecting the amplitude v'bration of the diaphragm and a. currentsupported by the inflexible device- In a vibration detector, a composite phragm, means com ll tcnsio'ued flexible dia prising a curved surface stiffening member tral port-ion oi the dia tor rendering the con inflexible. and for phragni substantially gradually varying In rad ial direction, the in- .portion to vi portion to cause the inflexible brats with an amplitude correspondln to that attained by the center of the diap ragm, and a current-varying device supported by such inflexible portion.

11. In a vibration detector, a tensioned flexible sound-responsive body, an inflexible sound responsive body carried thereby, and

aving a tapered surface for equalizing the amplitude of vibrations inlparted to differ ent portions thereof by the flexible member to insure uniform amplitude of vibrations of all portions thereof, and a current ary' ertia of such rug device supported by the inflexible member.

12. In a vibration detector, a composite member having one diaphragm. including a I vibration integrally natural frequency of united with a member having another natural frequency, member possessing a composite natural frequency resulting from a plurality of different frequencies, and a current-varying device supported by the last-mentioned member.

13. In a vibration'detector, a diaphra m having a natural frequency of vibration within the useful rangeof frequencies, an inherently damping means uni integrally united with the diaphragm varying the response thereof at the natural frequency, and a current-varying device supported by the diaphragm. Y

14. In a vibration detector for use under varying pressures, a casing, a sound-responsive body mounted on said casing under tension approaching its elastic limit, and means for rendering the degree of tension of said sound responsive body substantially independent of variations 1n pressure.

15. In a vibration detector for varying dering the central portion substantially inflexible to insure the'substantially uniform coincident movement of all parts of such portion .in response to received vibrations, and to overcome the reduction in amplitude of vibration of the diaphragm, and a current-varying device suppolted by the inflexible portion.

In a vibration detector for use under varying pressures, a casing, a flexible sound responsive body mounted thereon under tension approaching its elastic limit, an inllexiblc sound-resporisivc body comprising, a tapered surface stiffening membencarried y said flexible body. for equalizing the amplitude of vibrations imparted to differ-- ent portions thereof by the flexible member to insure uniform amplitude or" vibrations of all portions thereof,and current-varying device supported by the inflexible i'nember.

.17. In a vibration detector for use under varying pressures a casing; .ewipbeite diaphrfi'mounted thereon under tension appro big its elastic limit and having a [peripheral portion of soft waterproof mate- 6 rialmoimted thereon, a current-varying device supported by the diaphragm, and means cooperating therewith to imprison such perip eral portion, thereby rendering the junction waterproof. 10 18. In a vibration detector, a diaphragm having a natural frequency of vibration within the useful range of frequencies, an

.ing means, and a current-varying device frequency, means cooperating therewith to overcome the reduction in amplitude of vibration of the diaphragm due to said damp supported by :the diaphragm;

In witness whereo I hereunto subscribe 7 my name this 16th day of June A. D., 1919.

CHARLES R. MOORE; 

